unstructured mesh generation for geophysical flow simulations

The primary benefit of the unstructured grid over a conventional structured grid lies in its ability
to efficiently discretize arbitrary geometries. Smooth and continuous transition from high resolution where
needed to low resolution elsewhere can be provided via user-specified adaptation criteria. Figure shows a
regional OMEGA grid centered at Washington D.C. with a radius of 10 degrees. The adaptation criteria for
mesh generation, was set to refinement around land-water boundaries.

The left panel shows the OMEGA grid structure and the coordinate system. OMEGA grids are
unstructured in horizontal and structured in the vertical.
The OMEGA model can also simulate global/synoptic scale flows (right panel). The global mesh
in the right panel also shows the domain decomposition of the mesh used (via METIS libraries) for parallel
computations.

Grid for Mars (right) using MOLA data (left)

Antartica - adaptation to coastline
solution-adaptive mesh generation

Virtual potential temperature isosurface (355K).
The virtual potential temperature is a good indicator of the
hurricane core. The storm is viewed from the east-southeast
and from an altitude of about 15 km. Mountains in Central America
can be seen at the upper left corner. Dynamic grid adaptation was used
in the simulation. The adaptation criteria, was set
to pressure perturbation minima, i.e., to follow the eye of the hurricane.
details
Ahmad, N., D. Bacon, Z.
Boybeyi, T. Dunn, S. Gopalakrishnan, M. Hall, P. Lee, D. Mays, A.
Sarma, M. Turner, and T. Wait, 2002:
Unstructured Adaptive Grid Generation for Geophysical Flow Simulations.
Numerical Grid Generation in Computational Field Simulation.
Proceedings of the 8th Intl. Conf. held at Honolulu, Hawaii.
pp. 457-466. Edited by B. K. Soni, et al.
Ahmad, N., D. Bacon,
Z. Boybeyi, T. Dunn, M. Hall, D. Mays, A. Sarma and M. Turner, 1998:
A Solution-Adaptive Grid Generation Scheme for Atmospheric Flow
Simulations.
Numerical Grid Generation in Computational Field Simulation.
Proceedings of the 6th Intl. Conf. held at Greenwich, England.
pp. 327-335. Edited by M. Cross, et al.
mesh generation links
Professor Rainald Lohner
Mesh Generation on the Web
Meshing Research Corner